Describe typical batch Processing Application?

Data Processing is any process that converts data into information. The processing is usually assumed to be automated and running on an information system like an electronic computer.

In this context data is defined as a collection of numbers or characters that represent a measurement from the real world (evidence).

Information is defined as a meaningful answer to a query.

More generally, the term data processing can apply to any process that converts data from one format to another, although data conversion would be the more logical and correct term. From this perspective, data processing becomes the process of converting information into data and also the converting of data back into information. The distinction is that conversion doesn't require a question (query) to be answered. For Example, information in the form of an string of characters forming a sentence in English is converted or encoded at a keyboard into ASCII code after which it may be more easily processed by a computer and finally converted or decoded to be displayed as characters on the computer display.

An information processor or information processing system, as its name suggests, is a system (be it electrical, mechanical or biological) which takes information (a sequence of enumerated states) in one form and processes (transforms) it into another form, e.g. to statistics, by an algorithmic process.

An information processing system is made up of four basic parts, or sub-systems:

input

processor

storage

output

An object may be considered an information processor if it receives information from another object and in some manner changes the information before transmitting it. This broadly defined term can be used to describe every change which occures in the universe. As an example, a falling rock could be considered an information processor due to the following observable facts:

First, information in the form of gravitational force from the earth serves as input to the system we call a rock. At a particular instant the rock is a specific distance from the surface of the earth traveling at a specific speed. Both the current distance and speed properties are also forms of information which for that instant only may be considered "stored" in the rock.

In the next instant, the distance of the rock from the earth has changed due to its motion under the influence of the earth's gravity. Any time the properties of an object change a process has occurred meaning that a processor of some kind is at work. In addition, the rock's new position and increased speed is observed by us as it falls. These changing properties of the rock are its "output."

It could be argued that in this example both the rock and the earth are the information processing system being observed since both objects are changing the properties of each other over time. If information is not being processed no change would occure at all